The Indus valley civilization which existed during 3300 to 1300 BC is also known as Harappan Civilization. Most of these are small, but amongst them are some of the largest cities of their time, especially Harappa and Mohenjo-daro. ", "Hidden agenda testing models of the social and political organisation of the Indus Valley tradition", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Indus_Valley_Civilisation_sites&oldid=1001403383, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Human skeleton, ornaments, 5 meter long and 3 meter clay oven, a pitcher filled with 8000 pearls, Late Harappan seal, inscribed jar, the mould of coppersmith, a copper fishhook, Graffiti of a dancing girl on pottery, which resembles a dancing girl statue found at Mohenjo-Daro. Their buildings had two or sometimes more stories. This civilization is known with these three names-Indus Civilization; Indus Valley Civilization; Harappa Civilization; More than 1000 sites were found of this Civilization. 1. were found in Harappa. 1. The Indus Valley civilization covered a large area – from Balochistan (Pakistan) to Gujarat (Republic of India). Flood-supported farming led to large agricultural surpluses, which in turn supported the development of cities. Granaries, coffin burial, lot of artifacts, important Indus Valley Civilization town, the first town which is excavated and studied in detail, fortified citadel, lower town, public gathering area, Copper smelting furnaces with copper slag and pot shards. Tel:+91 79 23977200 [3] Only 40 sites are located on the river Indus and its tributaries and around 1,100 (80%) sites sites are located on the plains between rivers Ganges and Indus. These cities include Harappa, Ganeriwala, and Mohenjo-daro in modern-day Pakistan and Dholavira, Kalibangan, Rakhigarhi, Rupar, and Lothalin modern-day India. In this video you will be know about the most important sites of INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION.# exam# 2 idea# exam 2idea# education# knowledge Centre of the civilization was in Sind and Punjab and from there, it spread in all directions. Here we are giving the list of major sites in the Indus valley civilizations along with its location, major findings which are very useful for UPSC IAS Prelims examination. "The mound has an average height of five-to-eight metres (east-to-west) "At the time of its discovery.The mound at Surkotada appeared to be a potential site with not only its available rubble fortifications exposed at places on the surface itself but also having an adjacent lower area yielding Harappan and other pottery and antiquities. (2012), the slow southward migration of the monsoons across Asia initially allowed the Indus Valley villages to develop by taming the floods of the Indus and its tributaries. Spread over 550 hectares, this nondescript village is about double than that of the Mohenjo Daro site, which was earlier considered as the biggest Harappan … [2] The oldest site of Indus Valley Civilization, Bhirrana[4] and the largest site, Rakhigarhi[5] are located in Indian state of Haryana. Indus Valley Civilization was an ancient civilization that thrived along the course of Indus river in North-Western part of Indian subcontinent It is also referred to as Harappan Civilization owing to the fact that this civilization was first discovered in 1921 at the modern site of Harappa situated in the Punjab province Punjab of current day Pakistan. Dholavira, Gujarat – One of the largest cities of the Indus Valley Civilization across India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, this site in northern Gujarat was almost continuously occupied from about 2650 BCE to 1450 BCE. Aprox 30 kms from Rapar. Rangpur in Ahmedabad, near river Meedar 5. A new element in the population along with the already extant Harappa is seen in c. 1900 B.C. major unexcavated site (greater than 300 hectares), Bead making factory, dockyard, button seal, fire altars, painted jar, earliest cultivation of rice (1800 BC), northernmost Harappan site in Himalayan foothills, Earliest agricultural community (7000-5000 BC). This Indus valley extended from a North-western part of India to modern-day North-east Afghanistan and Pakistan. By Air According to Giosan et al. It is a site of almost the same size as Mahenjodaro. ; fine red pottery with black painted designs etc. Horse remains are about 1% of all animal remains, with cattle at 40% comprising by far the most, and sheep and goats the second-most, about half that much; rodents at 6% seem to be the next largest category, with deer (2.4%) and dog (4%) and pig (3%) also found. Buttons made during that period had holes pierced in them and were made in various geometrical shapes, an… Facts about Indus Valley Civilization Mohenjo-daro is the largest site and Allahdino is the smallest site of the Indus Valley Civilization. The area of Mohnejodaro is over 200 ha , one of the largest settlements in the IVC. Massive stone fortification, Harappan pottery, three script bearing seals; one of steatite, one of copper and one of terracotta. It may have been the third major center in the IVC as it is near to the copper-rich mines in Rajasthan. Astha Dibyopama, Yong Jun Kim, Chang Seok Oh, Dong Hoon Shin , Vasant Shinde, 2015, Archaeological Survey of India Publication:Indian Archaeology 1963-64 A Review. Fax:+91 79 23977202 Important Sites of Indus Valley Civilization. circa 2300 B.C. He continues: "The excavations at Surkotada have been significantly rewarding in unfolding a sequence of three cultural sub-periods well-within the span of Harappan chronology and this fact has been attested to by the dating, i.e. Allahdino was the smallest site in the Indus Valley Civilization. During this Period, IB, a revetment was added to the fortification of the citadel. The Indus Valley is contemporary with the civilizations of Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt. The granary of Harappa is having two rows, each row having six rooms. Cities of Indus Valley Civilization. It is the first site to be discovered in the whole of Indus valley civilization sites. The Indus Valley Civilization was a cultural and political entity which flourished in the northern region of the Indian subcontinent between c. 7000 - c. 600 BCE. 5 Facts on Drainage System of Indus Valley Civilization. About The Place: Surkotada is a small, 3.5 acre site northeast of Bhuj, in Gujarat. Indus valley civilization was extended in a large area. Indus Valley Civilization is the one of the oldest ancient civilizations of the world.Indus River Valley Civilization was discovered by the archaeologists in the 1920s. As the three of the world’s civilizations developed along the river banks {Egyptian on Nile, Mesopotamian on Tigris–Euphrates, Chinese on the Yangtse}, the Indus valley civilization developed on bank of Indus and several other nearby rivers such as Ghaggar– Hakra, the now dried up Saraswati and the Drasadvati. They had advanced sanitation systems. A bus leaves from Bhuj at 14:00 and arrives at Dholavira at 20:30. Cities of Indus Valley Civilization: [quads id=”5″] 12 Mohenjo-Daro is the largest site, and Allahdino is the smallest site Mohenjo-Daro, with an area of … The IVC residents did not develop irrigation capabilities, relying mainly on the seasonal monsoons leading to summer floods. The first city to be discovered by excavation (digging up) was Harappa and therefore this civilization is also known as 'Harappan Civilization'. The site was first discovered in 1967, but excavation by ASI began only in 1989, and brought to light many new aspects of how developed the Civilization had been. Large site, partially excavated. Toll Free Number:1800 203 1111 "Almost all the pottery shapes were in conformity with the material available at other Harappan sites. Major Sites of Indus Valley Civilization. 4th Floor, Sector-11, Production of shell bangles, semi-precious beads, etc. The civilization was first identified in 1921 at Harappa in the Punjab region and then in 1922 at Mohenjo-daro (Mohenjodaro), near the Indus River in the Sindh (Sind) region. The ruins of the site shows skillful design. Although there were large walls and citadels, there is no evidence of monuments, palaces, or temples. Canals found: Traces of canals have also been found at some sites of Indus valley civilization. Aprox 30 kms from Rapar. There are a large number of plates, mostly black and white. Measurement system: Here in this civilization, people had developed their unique weighing and measurement system which was the multiple of 16. Ancient port. Both sites are in present-day Pakistan, in Punjab and Sindh provinces, respectively. Dholavira is 250 km from Bhuj and is reached via Bhachau and Rapar. Indus Valley Civilisation MCQ Questions and answers with easy explanations. Recent excavations were reported in Punjab which are quite large-. Cemeteries, wooden coffins, bronze figure of bullock cart, etc. Most of the information regarding Indus Valley Civilization/Harappan Civilization comes from Mohenjodaro. Mohenjodaro (one of the major sites, near river Indus in Sindh) was discovered by R. D. Banerjee in 1922. The time period of mature Indus Valley Civilization is estimated between 2700 BC- 1900 BC. It leaves at 05:00 the next morning and returns to Bhuj by 11:30. This is a List of Indus Valley Civilization discoveries. This area was named as Indus valley as it was situated on the banks of river Indus, whose source is the perennial waters of Himalayan Mountains. of Indus Valley Civilisation is already published in this website. Besides house walls the important finds are a heavy copper celt and a chisel and the usual Harappa beads, chert blades, etc.Finally, in Period I C, with the Harappa still living here,another people using the black-and-red ware and a very coarse pottery came to the site. Mohenjodaro in Sindh, near river Indus 3. By Train By Road They were made from the seashell during 2000 BCE. People of the Indus Valley Civilization knew about and implemented channelling of water and the disposal of waste waterway before any other ancient civilisation did. Banawali in Hissar, near river Saraswati. List of archaeological sites by continent and age, "A unique Late Bronze Age copper fish-hook from Bet Dwarka Island, Gujarat, west coast of India: Evidence on the advance fishing technology in ancient India", "Explorations, and excavations: Gujarat: 19. Beginning of city life. Harappa was discovered by Dayaram Sahni in 1921. Features of Indus Valley Civilization . On the valleys of river Indus. It was discovered and excavated by Shri Jagat Pati Joshi of ASI in 1964-1968. [6][7] More than 50 IVC burial sites have been found, main sites among those are Rakhigarhi (first site with genetic testing), Sanauli, Farmana, Kalibangan, Lothal, Dholavira, Mehrgarh, Harappa, and Mohenjo-daro.[8]. Domestication of animals: Domestication of animals was done in this civilization at a very large scale. Kalibangan in Ganganagar, near river Ghaggar 6. ", "The entrances in the southern and south-eastern sides in the citadel and residential annexe respectively are just simply openings of moderate dimensions without any architectural embellishment. In this post, let's see the features of Indus Valley Civilisation arts as part of the Indian Culture notes based on the NCERT text ‘An Introduction to Indian Art’ – Part 1. City of Indus Valley Civilization. This unique civilization existed between 2500 B.C. More than 90% of the inscribed objects and seals discovered were found at ancient urban centres along the Indus river in Pakistan, mainly Harappa and Mohenjo-daro. "The most controversial and sought after animal in Indian archaeology has been the horse," writes the author. The ruins of Mohenjo-daro were designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1980. 14. Page-8 section-1 In total, more than 1,052 cities and settlements have been found, mainly in the general region of the Indus River and its tributaries. Some of them are given below: 1. Many unique and distinctive features are associated with the site. A sculpture of a bronze chariot, 45 cm long and 16 cm wide, yoked to two oxen, driven by a man 16 cm high standing in it; and three other bronze sculptures. Equidistant from both Harappa and Mohenjodaro, it is near a dry bed of the former Ghaggar River. Rakhigarhi is the largest site, and Allahdino is the smallest site. Excavations at Shikarpur, Gujarat 2008-2009. to 1700 B.C. The large number of their presence at Mohenjodaro and Harappa indicate their popularity. The Indus Valley Civilization site was hit by almost 10 feet of water as the Sutlej Yamuna link canal overflowed. Bangles of clay, Westernmost known site of IVC, Fortification bastion few houses foundations, At 100 hectares, this has the potential to be another city, This page was last edited on 19 January 2021, at 14:53. Largest and Smallest Site; Rakhigarhi is the largest site, and Allahdino is the smallest site. Over 1,052 cities and settlements have been found. Indus Valley Civilisation MCQ is important for exams like IBPS, SCC, UPSC, NET etc. 14-18. Bhuj is the closest rail node to Dholavira. Lothal the Dockyard site of the Indus Valley Civilization is Situated in Gujarat. Lothal in Ahmedabad, near river Sabarmati 7. The Harappans had a fortified citadel and residential annexe in Period IA and the same pattern of settlement had been maintained through the successive sub-periods IB and IC.". By 2600 BCE, small Early Harappan communities had developed into large urban centers. Figure of chariot tied to a pair of bullocks and driven by a nude human, Water harvesting and number of reservoirs, use of rocks for constructions, Largest burial site of IVC, with 65 burials, found in India. Famous monumental buildings 3. "At Surkotada from all three periods [roughly 2100-1700 BCE] quite a good number of bones of horse (Equus Caballus) and ass (Equus asinus) have been recovered" (p. 381). driving time is 7 hours . Indus Valley Civilization, a lso known as Harappan Civilization, was the first major civilization in south Asia, which spread across a vast area of land in present day India and Pakistan. Shri Jagat Pati Joshi, Excavation at Surkotada and Exploration in Kutch, Archaeological Survey of India, 1990, pp. Spread over 550 hectares, the Nandesipat village is almost twice the Mohenjo Daro site, which was earlier considered the largest Harappan site ever. Usually, buttons are used for fastening purposes, but the purpose of inventing buttons in the Indus Valley Civilization was to use it as an ornament for various events and programmes. It was extended from Mand (in Jammu) in the north to Diamabad in the south and from Alamgirpur (in U.P.) They were good builders. The Harappans came to Surkotadaaround 2300 B.C. The Rudra Mata airport at Bhuj is a small but busy node that connects Mumbai to Bhuj. The area of Harappa , the eponymous city of Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) is over 150 ha. Indus valley civilization is one the oldest civilization in the world. It was discovered and excavated by Shri Jagat Pati Joshi of ASI in 1964-1968. UPPSC 2021 - Watch the live class on "Important Sites of Indus Valley Civilization" for UPPCS Preparation by Waris Siddiqui Sir. Southeast of Punjab lay the valleys of the Ganges and Yamuna, which have constituted the center of Indian civilization since the first millennium BCE. Town planning and domestic architecture ADVERTISEMENTS: 2. Sutkagendor in Baluchistan, near river Dashta 4. in the north east to Sutkagendur (in Baluchistan) in the west. Generally. It is also possible to rent a vehicle. Mohenjo-daro is the largest site and Allahdino is the smallest site of Indus civilization. Ceramic artifacts, including bowls. Earliest Pre-Harappan site, Copper smelting. The Indus Valley Civilization contained more than 1,000 cities and settlements. Ahmedabad is 335 ilometers from bhuj approx. and built a fortified citadel and residential annexe, made of mud brick, mud lumps and rubble, containing houses with bath-rooms and drains. Economy. Archaeological Survey of India.Page 19. Skeleton of child, terracotta like pottery, bangles, seals similar to other Harappan sites, Ware House, Industrial area, gold, copper, semi-precious stone, shell objects, and weight hoards, Salt production centre, by evaporating sea water. Harappa is situated near the old course of river Ravi in the Western Punjab region of Pakistan. the seal was of steatite material, square or rectangular in shape. Brooke further notes that the development of advanced cities coincides with a reduc… India Archaeology 1976-77, A Review. 16, About The Place: Surkotada is a small, 3.5 acre site northeast of Bhuj, in Gujarat. History section provides you all type of mcq questions on Indus Valley Civilisation with explanations. E -mail: info@gujarattourism.com, Holiday Village Resorts, Gandhidham, Kutch, Registration of Tourist Guide Training Program. Over 1400 Indus Valley Civilization sites have been discovered,[1] of which 925 sites are in India and 475 sites in Pakistan,[2] while some sites in Afghanistan are believed to be trading colonies. ", "At Surkotada, throughout, a compact citadel and residential annexe complex has been found, but no city complex has been unearthed.". The Period of Indus valley civilization was 2500 B.C to 1500 B.C. Excavation at Desalpur (Gunthli), District Kutch", https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263580655_Was_the_Rann_of_Kachchh_navigable_during_the_Harappan_times_Mid-Holocene_An_archaeological_perspective, "Excavations at Kanjetar and Kaj on the Saurashtra Coast, Gujarat", https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315796119_Fish_Otoliths_from_Navinal_Kachchh_Gujarat_Identification_of_Taxa_and_Its_Implications, "Nageswara: a Mature Harappan Shell Working Site on the Gulf of Kutch, Gujarat", "What have been the most interesting findings about the Harappan Civilization during the last two decades? Udyog Bhavan, Block No. The civilization is famous for its large and well-planned cities. Bear in mind that an on-site guest house allows the possibility of a more leisurely experience, rather than a day trip. Rakhigarhi is known as the biggest Harappan site. and 1500 B.C. A detailed note about the features, sites, society, religion etc. The nearest airport is Bhuj. The newcomers used a coarse red pottery. Discovery of seals is an outstanding contribution of the Indus Civilization to ancient craftsmanship. Its westernmost point was Suktagendor in South Baluchistan while easternmost point was Alamgirpur in M… These cities contained well-organized wastewater drainage systems, trash collection systems, and possibly even public granaries and baths. Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Maharaja Sayyajirao University, Baroda. Ornamental buttons are one of the most significant inventions of Indus Valley Civilization. Gandhinagar - 382 011. Rakhigarhi is largest known Harappan site. 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