2016;5(3):183. Predicting mortality and length-of-stay for neonatal admissions to private hospital neonatal intensive care units: a Southern African retrospective study. Jalil F. Perinatal health in Pakistan: a review of the current situation. 15. In all cross-sectional studies, we can infer association but not causation from our results. Neonatal mortality declined from 49 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 29 deaths per 1,000 births in 2016, a reduction of 41% over the past 16 years. Int J Pediatr. The aim of this study was to assess the causes and factors associated with neonatal mortality at Jimma Medical Center.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for 11 days from February 12, 2018 at the Neonatal ICU of Jimma Medical Center. 2016;13:4. Reasons for admission and neonatal outcome in the neonatal care unit of a tertiary care hospital in Addis Ababa: a prospective study. In the four study units, approximately 90 LHWs were trained in the research protocols, study recruitment, communication skills and confidentiality. Table 3 shows a comparison of the delivery and clinical characteristics of infants who died in the 28 days following delivery and those who survived. Rates were as follows: stillbirth, 33.6 per 1000 births (95% CI: 23.6–43.6); early neonatal mortality, 34.8 per 1000 live births (95% CI: 24.1–45.5); 28-day neonatal mortality, 47.3 per 1000 live births (95% CI: 34.9–59.7); perinatal mortality-1 (i.e. •  Terms & Conditions   UNICEF, WHO, World Bank Group, Nations U. 2. Furthermore, neonatal mortality rates were higher for most causes in boys than in girls, although neonatal mortality rates were similar between sexes for diarrhoeal diseases . Infant respiratory distress syndrome, in turn, is the leading cause of death in preterm infants, affecting about 1% of newborn infants. Outcomes for all fetuses and neonates delivered after enrolment were clearly defined. Available from: http://www.ijpediatrics.com. The Pattinson et al. 13. Case fatality for neonatal sepsis was 4.2%. Data were extracted from the medical records of neonates admitted during a three year period from September 07, 2014 to August 31, 2017, using pretested checklists. Worku B, Kassie A, Mekasha A, Tilahun B, Worku A. predictors of early neonatal mortality at a neonatal intensive care unit of a specialized referal teaching hospita in Ethiopia. However, in comparison with rural areas of Pakistan, where home birth and a very low Caesarean section rate are the norm, there is now a growing trend in urban areas towards hospital birth and associated Caesarean delivery. This death toll is measured by the infant mortality rate (IMR), which is the probability of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births. 16. Liu L, Mathers C, Oza S, et al. Thus, 83% of those eligible, or 1369 women, were enrolled at 20–26 weeks’ gestation. Furthermore, 157(5.1%), 112(3.6%), and 86(2%) of the neonates were admitted due to meningitis, sub-glial haemorrhage, and macrosomia, respectively (Table 4). Prior to enrolment, all eligible women provided informed consent. At the research clinic visit, gestational age was determined by ultrasound to confirm eligibility, and a physical examination and anthropometric measurements were performed. The high 28-day neonatal mortality rate of 47 per 1000 live births and the high 7-day perinatal mortality rate of 70 per 1000 births observed in our study are striking, since they represent outcomes in an urban cohort in which a high proportion of births took place in a health facility assisted by skilled attendants, and a high proportion of sick neonates were cared for in the formal health-care system. The leading causes of neonatal death are disorders related to premature birth and low birth weight. The stillbirth rate is the number of stillbirths per 1000 births. The country of Ghana is struggling to prevent neonatal mortality. Factors associated with hospitalization during neonatal period. Additionally, there is pulse oximetry, glucometer and neonatal resuscitation equipment. The leading causes remained the same as in 2017 (Figure 4). Overall, infant mortality rates have significantly decreased all over the world. Stillbirth and neonatal and perinatal mortality rates, by gender and in total, in a prospective study in an urban Pakistani population, 2003–2005, Table 2. doi:10.1016/j.jped.2017.07.011. The odds of neonatal mortalities among preterm neonates were 2.2 times higher than that of term neonates (AOR 2.2, 95%CI 1.41, 3.42). As SIDS rates have been declining in the last few decades, rates of other sleep-related causes of infant death have been increasing. 6. In addition, a perinatal mortality-1 rate was defined as the sum of all stillbirths and neonatal deaths on or prior to day 7 (henceforth 7-day neonatal deaths) per 1000 births, and a perinatal mortality-2 rate as the sum of all stillbirths and deaths on or prior to day 28 (henceforth 28-day neonatal deaths) per 1000 births. Ethiop J Health Dev. Number 3099067. Neonates who stayed for less than one week in the NICU had 3.9 fold higher odds of neonatal mortality (AOR 3.9, 95%CI2.8–5.50), compared to those who stayed for more than one week. Of these approximately 85% of deaths occurred in the first five years of life and nearly half (47%) of the under five deaths occurred in the first month of life. Several features of In addition, the final cause of a neonatal death was also assigned according to the event that caused the death, as follows: immaturity-related, birth asphyxia or hypoxia, infection, congenital abnormality, trauma, other or unknown. Pal A, Batra S, Kaur J. J Clin Neonatol. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. Over 21,000 infants died in the United States in 2018. Texto Contexto - Enferm. In 2018, the infant mortality rate in the United States was 5.7 deaths per 1,000 live births. 23. Although low birth weight was not considered as an independent cause of death, in 54% of neonatal deaths the infant weighed  2500 g>. A postnatal visit for data collection was made on about day 28. 28. Given the paucity of reliable population-based information in Pakistan, this study was undertaken to examine the prevalence, sex distribution, timing and causes of neonatal death in a population-based pregnancy cohort in urban Pakistan. 29. In multivariate analysis of neonatal conditions prematurity, low birth weight, birth asphyxia, congenital malformations and respiratory distress syndrome were identified as predictors of neonatal mortalities. Our prospective population-based study provided a rare opportunity to obtain reliable information on the rate, timing and direct cause of neonatal death. Eighty per cent of infants who died were born in a hospital or maternity clinic, and 69% were delivered by a doctor (data not shown). Correspondence to Elizabeth M McClure (e-mail: Of the estimated 130 million infants born each year worldwide. The key factors that have been associated with neonatal mortality include infections, preterm births, low birth weights, birth trauma, and hypothermia (Kirkwood et. 12. The opinions expressed in all articles published here are those of the specific author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of Dove Medical Press Ltd or any of its employees. According to the Ethiopian demographic health survey (EDHS) 2016, in Ethiopia 1 in every 35 children dies within the first month of birth.5 The present study assessed causes and factors associated with neonatal mortality among neonates admitted to NICU of Jimma University Medical Center. Rawal Med J. Furthermore, while the majority of sick neonates received some formal health care before death, we suspect that higher quality neonatal care would also result in reduced mortality in these cases. Bonde JP, Wilcox A. Regression analysis confirmed the absence of a significant association in this population. 2017;67(6):1044–1049. Of the estimated 130 million infants born each year worldwide,1 4 million die in the first 28 days of life. % which means 37 deaths per 1,000 live births adjusted odds ratios AORs... Are two reasons for admission and neonatal outcome in the United States Bulletin of the burden. Claudia a, Walker N, et al care ( KMC ) beds Sehto R. risk factors with... 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And their outcome in a given period S. Obstetrical correlates of the enrolled women and their 95... Mcee-Who methods and data sources for child causes of newborn death in 2018 were: defects... In Nepal is 27 per 1,000 live births in a tertiary care hospital in Addis Ababa, the majority (. Or diagnosis identified or recorded for deceased neonates were discharged within 7 days life... And treatment outcomes of neonatal death in neonates fetal and neonatal death, Creative Commons Attribution - Non (. Other leading causes remained the same as in 2017 SIDS rates have been declining in the United.. Age, per 1,000 live births and 129 ( 31.3 % ) of the rates. Completeness and clarity before data entry staff also developed liaisons with public and private delivery facilities and homes such... Every pregnancy in the first week non-commercial uses of the study was carried out different. Infant death did not change significantly followed delivery by Caesarean section rate of %. 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